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To Francis Darwin   22–3 May 1881

Summary

Is sending chapter [of Earthworms] for FD to look over.

Comments on FD’s work on movements of mould.

Is glad to hear about Julius von Sachs and the circumnutation theory.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Francis Darwin
Date:  22–3 May 1881
Classmark:  DAR 211: 75
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13170

Matches: 13 hits

  • … To Francis Darwin   22–3 May 1881
  • … DAR 211: 75 Charles Robert Darwin Down 22–3 May 1881 Francis Darwin …
  • … Goltz and Oskar Schmidt at the meeting. See letter from Francis Darwin, 19 [May 1881] . …
  • … See letter from Francis Darwin, 19 [May 1881] ; Francis had described the long hours kept …
  • … at a table under a bower. ) )See letter from Francis Darwin, 19 [May 1881] and nn. …
  • … September 1881. See letter from Francis Darwin, 19 [May 1881] and n. 7. Wortmann reported …
  • … Linnean Society ( Botany ) 18 (1881): 420–55. Darwin, Francis. 1880c. The theory of the …
  • … Linnean Society ( Botany ) 18 (1881): 406–19. Darwin, Francis. 1881b. Ueber Circumnutation …
  • Darwin was Francis’s brother. The Darwins went on holiday to Patterdale in the Lake District from 2 June to 5 July 1881 ( …
  • Darwin 1880a ), which was published in the Journal of the Linnean Society ( Botany ), June 1881. CD also sent proof-sheets of Earthworms and the journal Nature . No letter from CD to Francis dated 21 May 1881
  • 1881 . The list has not been found; CD had evidently sent offprints of another article by Francis, ‘The theory of the growth of cuttings’ ( F. Darwin
  • Francis Darwin. London: John Murray. 1880. Sterne, Carus, pseud. (Ernst Krause. ) 1881a. Charles Darwin’s neue Beobachtungen über das Bewegungsvermögen der Pflanzen. Die Gartenlaube 27: 228–30, 285–7. Wortmann, Julius. 1881. …
  • Francis had mentioned Fredrik Elfving ’s research on the movement of the mould Phycomyces nitens to Julius Wortmann , prompting Wortmann to decide to publish his own research on the topic as soon as possible. Wortmann 1881 was published in Botanische Zeitung , 10 June and 17 June 1881; F. Darwin

From Francis Darwin    [21 October 1881]

Summary

Commiserates on news of Wiesner and experiment on transmission of heliotropism. Asks whether he should review book for Nature.

Author:  Francis Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [21 Oct 1881]
Classmark:  DAR 274.1: 69
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13474F

Matches: 7 hits

  • … From Francis Darwin    [21 October 1881] …
  • … DAR 274.1: 69 Francis Darwin [21 Oct 1881] Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … Fritz Müller . See letter to Francis Darwin, 17 October 1881 . Pinguicula is the genus of …
  • … this letter and the letters to Francis Darwin , 17 October 1881 and 22 [October 1881] . In …
  • … 21 October. See letter to Francis Darwin, 17 October 1881 and n. 5. CD was reading Julius …
  • … Darwin. Assisted by Francis Darwin. London: John Murray. 1880. Wiesner, Julius.  1881. Das …
  • Francis did not write a typical review of Wiesner 1881 , but rather a detailed reply to specific criticisms made in the book ( F. Darwin

From Francis Darwin   [before 4 June 1881]

Summary

Encloses letter from Elfving (not found). Should he publish on false circumnutation?

Author:  Francis Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [before 4 June 1881]
Classmark:  DAR 274.1: 75
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13192F

Matches: 11 hits

  • … From Francis Darwin   [before 4 June 1881] …
  • … DAR 274.1: 75 Francis Darwin Strasbourg [before 4 June 1881] Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … diagrams (see letter from Francis Darwin, 19 [May 1881] and n. 4). Francis did discuss the …
  • … See letter to Francis Darwin, 30 May [1881] ; the letter from Francis’s son, Bernard …
  • … between this letter and the letters to Francis Darwin of 30 May [1881] and 4 [June 1881] . …
  • … response in the fungus (see also letter from Francis Darwin, 19 [May 1881] and n. 3). …
  • … See letter to Francis Darwin, 30 May [1881] and n. 4. Eosine and fuchsine were colouring …
  • … appeared (see letter to Francis Darwin, 16 and 17 May 1881 and nn. 6 and 7). Francis …
  • Darwin, Francis. 1881b. Ueber Circumnutation bei einem einzelligen Organe. Botanische Zeitung , 29 July 1881, …
  • 1881 . He had earlier told CD about other researchers who found Sachs difficult to work with (see, for example, Correspondence vol. 27, letter from Francis Darwin, …
  • Francis’s paper, ‘ Ueber Circumnutation bei einem einzelligen Organe’ (On circumnutation in a single-cell organ; F. Darwin 1881b ) appeared in Botanische Zeitung , 29 July 1881, …

From Francis Darwin   [after 14 November 1881]

Summary

Thanks for two letters from Pfeffer. Will return translation of Pfeffer and send a letter from Elfring. Looking forward to working on "antiWiesner" experiments. Will return on 26th or 27th.

Author:  Francis Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [after 14 Nov 1881]
Classmark:  DAR 274.1: 68
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13485F

Matches: 8 hits

  • … From Francis Darwin   [after 14 November 1881] …
  • … DAR 274.1: 68 Francis Darwin [after 14 Nov 1881] Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … family in early October (see letter to Francis Darwin, 17 October 1881 and nn. 1 and 14). …
  • … letter and the letter to Francis Darwin, 14 November [1881] . CD had sent the letters from …
  • … Julius Sachs (see letter from Francis Darwin, 19 [May 1881] and n. 3). Ein Esel : a donkey …
  • … ant waste (see letter to Francis Darwin, 28 [October 1881] ). Botanischer Jahresbericht …
  • … Linnean Society ( Botany ) 18 (1881): 420–55. Darwin, Francis. 1881b. Ueber Circumnutation …
  • 1881] ). The letter from Elfving to Francis has not been found. The letter from John Lubbock has not been found. James William Condell Fegan was a non-conformist preacher who had evidently arranged to rent the the Reading Room in Down for services (see also Correspondence vol. 28, letter to J. W. C. Fegan, [before 25 February 1880]) . No correspondence between Francis and Elizabeth Darwin

From Francis Darwin   19 [May 1881]

Summary

Is sorry to have involved himself in a priority dispute between Wortmann and Elfving. Intends to publish on circumnutation; will CD send him his notes? Apologises for taking CD’s protractor, will send it back. Has met Oscar Schmidt.

Author:  Francis Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  19 [May 1881]
Classmark:  DAR 274.1: 72
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13166F

Matches: 12 hits

  • … From Francis Darwin   19 [May 1881] …
  • … DAR 274.1: 72 Francis Darwin Strasbourg 19 [May 1881] Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … of a fungus (see letter from Francis Darwin, 14 May 1881 and n. 7). Francis had met …
  • … relationship between this letter and the letter to Francis Darwin, 16 and 17 May 1881 . …
  • … See letter to Francis Darwin, 16 and 17 May 1881 . No correspondence between Francis and …
  • … of a ship (see letter to Francis Darwin, 16 and 17 May 1881 and n. 11). Francis was …
  • Darwin, Francis. 1881b. Ueber Circumnutation bei einem einzelligen Organe. Botanische Zeitung , 29 July 1881, …
  • Francis had mentioned meeting Oskar Schmidt in his letter of 14 May 1881 . Kneipe : pub, bar (German). Bernard Darwin
  • Francis described the special rotation apparatus designed by Horace Darwin that allowed him to observe clearly the circumnutation of the sporangium. In his letter of 16 and 17 May 1881 , …
  • Francis Darwin, 29 May 1879 ). Elfving was the first researcher to describe an autochemotropic (avoidance) response in the sporophore of the fungus Phycomyces nitens . His paper ‘En obeaktad känslighet hos Phycomyces’ (An unobserved sensitivity in Phycomyces; Elfving 1881 ) …
  • Francis’s paper, ‘Ueber Circumnutation bei einem einzelligen Organe’ (On circumnutation in a single-cell organ; F. Darwin 1881b ), appeared in Botanische Zeitung , 29 July 1881; …
  • 1881 . Prepared under the direction of William MacCormac. 4 vols. London: J. W. Klockmann. Movement in plants : The power of movement in plants. By Charles Darwin. Assisted by Francis

To Francis Darwin   [after 27 May 1881]

Summary

Thanks FD for corrections [for Earthworms].

Discusses experiments on absorption in Drosera.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Francis Darwin
Date:  [after 27 May 1881]
Classmark:  DAR 211: 78
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13181

Matches: 6 hits

  • … To Francis Darwin   [after 27 May 1881] …
  • … DAR 211: 78 Charles Robert Darwin Down [after 27 May 1881] Francis Darwin …
  • … fourth chapter of Earthworms on 23 May 1881 ( letter to Francis Darwin, 22–3 May 1881 ). …
  • … this letter and the letter to Francis Darwin, 27 May 1881 . CD and Francis were correcting …
  • … starving plants (see letter from Francis Darwin, 23 [May 1881] and nn. 7 and 8). Philippe …
  • 1881 . In a description of the visit, Richter noted that CD had told him that Francis played the bassoon ( Richter 1882 , p. 498). Bernard Darwin

To Francis Darwin   30 May [1881]

Summary

CD looks forward with dread to future as he does not have the strength to begin any new subject requiring much work.

Plans to look again at the absorption by roots and root-hairs.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Francis Darwin
Date:  30 May [1881]
Classmark:  DAR 211: 79
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13184

Matches: 5 hits

To Francis Darwin   25 May [1881]

Summary

Sends further chapters of Earthworms for correction.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Francis Darwin
Date:  25 May [1881]
Classmark:  DAR 211: 76
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13174

Matches: 4 hits

To Francis Darwin   16 and 17 May 1881

Summary

Some papers have arrived for FD.

Comments on the work of Phillipe van Tieghem who evidently knows nothing of insectivorous plants.

Leslie Stephen’s visit to Down went off well.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Francis Darwin
Date:  16 and 17 May 1881
Classmark:  DAR 211: 73
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13159

Matches: 12 hits

  • … To Francis Darwin   16 and 17 May 1881
  • … DAR 211: 73 Charles Robert Darwin Down 16 and 17 May 1881 Francis Darwin …
  • … found, but see the letter from Francis Darwin, 14 May 1881 and n. 1. CD was waiting for …
  • … pp. 399–407). See postcard to Francis Darwin, 12 May [1881] and n. 1. The paper was ‘The …
  • … journal. See letter from Francis Darwin, 14 May 1881 and n. 7; Francis had mentioned that …
  • … of a fungus. See letter from Francis Darwin, 14 May 1881 and n. 10. Caroline Wedgwood …
  • … 251: 1412). See letter from Francis Darwin, 14 May 1881 and n. 9. Ernst Stahl had replaced …
  • … the Linnean Society ( Botany ) 18 (1881): 406–19. Darwin, Francis. 1881a. Kletterpflanzen. …
  • Francis’s son Bernard Darwin . Emma Darwin visited Ellen Harriet Tollet on 17 May 1881 ( …
  • Darwin 1881a ), was a German translation of a lecture Francis gave in 1880 (see letter from Ernst Krause, 15 May 1881
  • Darwin was Francis’s son; Francis’s letter to him has not been found. Mary Ann Westwood had been Bernard’s nurse until her marriage in April 1881
  • 1881. Considérations sur l’étude de la phyllotaxie. Archives des sciences physiques et naturelles 3d ser. 5: 260–87; 358–96. Darwin, Francis. …

To Francis Darwin   22 [October 1881]

Summary

Thinks FD should review Julius von Wiesner’s book [Das Bewegungsvermögen der Pflanzen (1881)]. CD comforted that Wiesner’s experiments support their findings but finds it laughable how differently he has interpreted them.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Francis Darwin
Date:  22 [Oct 1881]
Classmark:  DAR 211: 87
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13422

Matches: 6 hits

  • … To Francis Darwin   22 [October 1881] …
  • … DAR 211: 87 Charles Robert Darwin Cambridge 22 [Oct 1881] Francis Darwin …
  • … Pinguicula (see letter from Francis Darwin, [21 October 1881] and n. 5); no experimental …
  • … Appendix II)). See letter from Francis Darwin, [21 October 1881] and n. 3. Francis was …
  • … 26, letter to Francis Darwin, 17 July [1878] ). See Wiesner 1881 , p. 141. See Wiesner …
  • Francis Darwin. London: John Murray. 1880. Wiesner, Julius. 1878–80. Die heliotropischen Erscheinungen im Pflanzenreiche. [Read 4 July 1878 and 18 March 1880. ] Denkschriften der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Classe 39 (1879) pt. 1: 143–209; 42 (1880) pt. 1: 1–92. Wiesner, Julius.  1881. …

From Francis Darwin   [19 June 1881]

Summary

Discusses observations on circumnutation by FD, Kraus, Wortmann.

Author:  Francis Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [19 June 1881]
Classmark:  DAR 274.1: 76
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13220F

Matches: 6 hits

  • … From Francis Darwin   [19 June 1881] …
  • … DAR 274.1: 76 Francis Darwin Strassburg [19 June 1881] Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … going to church (see letter to Francis Darwin, 30 May [1881] and n. 6). Uhlans were light …
  • … of a fungus (see letter from Francis Darwin, 14 May 1881 and n. 7). In his paper, ‘Ein …
  • … Linnean Society ( Botany ) 18 (1881): 406–19. Darwin, Francis. 1881b. Ueber Circumnutation …
  • 1881 ). In the conclusion to his paper ‘ Ueber Circumnutation bei einem einzelligen Organe’ (On circumnutation in a single-cell organ; F. Darwin 1881b , p. 479), Francis

From Francis Darwin   23 [May 1881]

Summary

Would like some of his notes. Has been looking at roots of Linum, cucurbits, larch, and orchids. Is content that mother should teach Bernard whatever religion she likes.

Author:  Francis Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  23 [May 1881]
Classmark:  DAR 274.1: 66
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13170F

Matches: 7 hits

  • … From Francis Darwin   23 [May 1881] …
  • … DAR 274.1: 66 Francis Darwin Strasbourg 23 [May 1881] Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … this letter and the letter to Francis Darwin, 20 May 1881 . The Monday following 20 May …
  • … 1881 was 23 May. See letter to Francis Darwin, 20 May 1881 ; CD and Francis had begun …
  • … sheets had arrived at Down on 22 May 1881 (see letter to Francis Darwin, 22– 3 May 1881 ). …
  • Darwin, Francis. 1880a. On the power possessed by leaves of placing themselves at right angles to the direction of incident light. [Read 16 December 1880. ] Journal of the Linnean Society ( Botany ) 18 (1881): …
  • 1881 and nn. 1 and 3). The proof-sheets were for Francis’s article ‘On the power possessed by leaves of placing themselves at right angles to the direction of incident light’ ( F. Darwin

From Francis Darwin   [25 July 1881]

Summary

Reports on a visit to Hermann Vöchting and discussion of Julius Sachs.

Author:  Francis Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [25 July 1881]
Classmark:  DAR 274.1: 67
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13252F

Matches: 7 hits

  • … From Francis Darwin   [25 July 1881] …
  • … DAR 274.1: 67 Francis Darwin Strassburg [25 July 1881] Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … the notice, see the letter from Francis Darwin, 16 July 1881 and n. 4. The paper was W. P. …
  • … Linnean Society ( Botany ) 18 (1881): 420–55. Darwin, Francis. 1880c. The theory of the …
  • … the Linnean Society ( Botany ) 18 (1881): 406–19. Darwin, Francis. 1901. The movements of …
  • Francis worked at Anton de Bary ’s laboratory in Straßburg in 1881, arriving home on 1 August ( Emma Darwin’ …
  • Francis Darwin. London: John Murray. 1880. Vöchting, Hermann. 1880. Ueber Spitze und Basis an den Pflanzenorganen. Botanische Zeitung , 27 August 1880, pp. 593–605; 3 September 1881, …

To Francis Darwin   14 November [1881]

Summary

Forwards a letter from W. F. P. Pfeffer, who opposes some of Julius Wiesner’s notions on plant movements.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Francis Darwin
Date:  14 Nov [1881]
Classmark:  DAR 211: 90
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13485

Matches: 3 hits

To Francis Darwin   [9 November 1881]

Summary

Tells some of his observations on root cells. Has thought of three good experiments to oppose Julius von Wiesner.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Francis Darwin
Date:  [9 Nov 1881]
Classmark:  DAR 211: 70
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13065

Matches: 2 hits

From Francis Darwin   14 May 1881

Summary

News from the laboratory at Strasbourg; is working on Equisetum roots. Wortmann has found circumnutation in the mycelium of a fast-growing fungus. Please send papers (see 13155).

Author:  Francis Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  14 May 1881
Classmark:  DAR 274.1: 70
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13155F

Matches: 5 hits

  • … From Francis Darwin   14 May 1881
  • … DAR 274.1: 70 Francis Darwin 14 May 1881 Charles Robert Darwin …
  • … Zeitung ( F. Darwin 1881b ). See postcard to Francis Darwin, 12 May [1881] and n. 1; …
  • … Linnean Society ( Botany ) 18 (1881): 406–19. Darwin, Francis. 1881b. Ueber Circumnutation …
  • Darwin 1880b . Ernst Stahl had been Sachs’s assistant when Francis was in Würzburg in 1879; he became professor extraordinarius of botany at Straßburg (Strasbourg) in 1880. He moved to Jena as full professor of botany in 1881. ( …

To Francis Darwin   20 May 1881

Summary

Thanks FD for his excellent corrections [to MS of Earthworms].

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Francis Darwin
Date:  20 May 1881
Classmark:  DAR 211: 74
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13169

Matches: 4 hits

  • … To Francis Darwin   20 May 1881
  • … DAR 211: 74 Charles Robert Darwin Down 20 May 1881 Francis Darwin …
  • … for Earthworms (see letter from Francis Darwin, 14 May 1881 ). The manuscript about the …
  • Darwin, Francis. 1880a. On the power possessed by leaves of placing themselves at right angles to the direction of incident light. [Read 16 December 1880. ] Journal of the Linnean Society ( Botany ) 18 (1881): …

From Francis Darwin   [after 17 June 1881]

Summary

Passes on an account from Cohen of preparations by Hahn of fossil coral-like structures.

Author:  Francis Darwin
Addressee:  Charles Robert Darwin
Date:  [after 17 June 1881]
Classmark:  DAR 274.1: 74
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13208G

Matches: 3 hits

To Francis Darwin   4 [June 1881]

Summary

Has taken almost all FD’s corrections for chapter six [of Earthworms]. Is glad FD approves of the book.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Francis Darwin
Date:  4 [June 1881]
Classmark:  DAR 211: 80
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13193

Matches: 9 hits

  • … To Francis Darwin   4 [June 1881] …
  • … DAR 211: 80 Charles Robert Darwin Patterdale 4 [June 1881] Francis Darwin …
  • … before Elfving (see letter from Francis Darwin, 19 [May 1881] and nn. 3 and 4). Elfving …
  • … version. See letter from Francis Darwin, [before 4 June 1881] and n. 8. Francis was …
  • Darwin, Francis. 1881b. Ueber Circumnutation bei einem einzelligen Organe. Botanische Zeitung , 29 July 1881, …
  • Darwin 1881b , pp. 477–8). Francis’s paper appeared in Botanische Zeitung , 29 July 1881; …
  • Darwin was fond of the paper soldiers that Francis regularly sent him. The letter is written on three separate sheets of paper, the final sheet being a different size from the other two. See letter from James Paget, 1 June 1881 . …
  • Darwins visited Patterdale in the Lake District from 3 June to 4 July 1881 ( Emma Darwin 's diary (DAR 242)). CD and Francis
  • 1881] , Francis had mentioned that both Anton de Bary and Ernst Stahl had a low opinion of Philippe van Tieghem ’s Traité de botanique (Treatise on botany; Tieghem 1884 ). Victor Marshall ’s Monk Coniston estate was familiar to CD from a previous visit to the Lake District in 1879, when the family stayed at the Waterhead Hotel, Coniston, on Marshall’s estate (see Correspondence vol. 27, letter to Victor Marshall, 25 August 1879 ). Henrietta Emma Litchfield , Elizabeth Darwin , …

To Francis Darwin   9 November [1881]

Summary

Comments on two letters received from W. F. P. Pfeffer [13425, 13464] who thinks Julius Wiesner’s view that light, etc. acts directly on plants is wrong.

Is frantic over the number of letters received about worms; feels the enthusiasm of the reception of Earthworms is laughable.

Is confounded by Euphorbia rootlets and has re-examined the effect of carbonate of ammonia.

Has thought of three good experiments to oppose Wiesner.

Author:  Charles Robert Darwin
Addressee:  Francis Darwin
Date:  9 Nov [1881]
Classmark:  DAR 211: 70, DAR 211: 89
Letter no:  DCP-LETT-13476

Matches: 4 hits

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